Pii: S0301-0082(96)00042-1
نویسنده
چکیده
Thebasalgangliacompriseseveralnucleintheforebrain, diencephalon, andmidbrainthought to playa significant rolein thecontrolof postureandmovement. It is wellrecognizedthat peoplewith degenerative diseasesof the basalgangliasufferfromrigidlyheldabnormalbodypostures,slowingof movement, involuntarymovements, or a combinationof theseabnormalities. However, it has not been agreedjust whatthebasalgangliacontributeto normalmovement. Recentadvancesinknowledge of the basalgangliacircuitry, activityofbasalganglianeuronsduringmovement, andtheeffectofbasalganglia lesionshaveledto a newhypothesis ofbasalgangliafunction. Thehypothesistatesthat thebasalganglia do not generatemovements. Instead,whenvoluntarymovement is generatedby cerebralcorticaland eerelwllar mechanisms, thebasalgangliaactbroadlyto inhibitcompetingmotormechanisms thatwould otherwiseinterferewiththe desiredmovement. Simultaneously, inhibitionis removedfocallyfromthe desiredmotormechanismsto allowthat movemento proceed.Inabilityto inhibitcompetingmotor programsresultsin slowmovements, abnormalposturesand involuntarymuscleactivity.Copyright~ 1996ElsevierScienceLtd. CONTENTS
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تاریخ انتشار 1997